梯形絲桿的運(yùn)動(dòng)原理便是螺旋副，簡易了解，便是類似擰螺釘，我們知道，擰螺釘時(shí)，假如在螺釘頂端限定螺釘挪動(dòng)，那么被螺紋置入部件，便會(huì)順著螺釘軸線挪動(dòng)。梯形絲杠也是如此。將絲杠軸的一端或兩側(cè)徑向固定，并用電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)絲杠旋轉(zhuǎn)。然后，帶鋼球的螺母會(huì)沿著絲杠軸移動(dòng)。

The principle of motion of a trapezoidal screw is a spiral pair. Simply understood, it is similar to screwing a screw. We know that when screwing a screw, if the screw is limited to move at the top, the threaded part will move along the screw axis. The same goes for trapezoidal screws. Fix one end or both sides of the screw shaft radially and use a motor to drive the screw to rotate. Then, the nut with the steel ball will move along the screw axis.

梯形絲杠的運(yùn)動(dòng)原理與滾珠絲杠相同。不同之處在于梯形絲杠中沒有滾珠，因此螺母與絲杠軸之間的運(yùn)動(dòng)完全通過機(jī)械接觸產(chǎn)生滾動(dòng)，這是滾動(dòng)摩擦。因此，梯形絲杠也稱為滑動(dòng)絲杠。所以兩者的結(jié)構(gòu)差異，用一句話來概括:滾珠絲杠是滾動(dòng)摩擦，梯形絲杠是滑動(dòng)摩擦。

The motion principle of a trapezoidal screw is the same as that of a ball screw. The difference is that there are no balls in the trapezoidal screw, so the movement between the nut and the screw shaft is completely generated by mechanical contact, which is rolling friction. Therefore, trapezoidal screw is also known as sliding screw. So the structural differences between the two can be summarized in one sentence: ball screws have rolling friction, while trapezoidal screws have sliding friction.

梯形絲桿的材料不同，其毛坯的熱處置方式也所差別的。

The material of the trapezoidal screw is different, and the heat treatment method of its blank also varies.

梯形絲桿應(yīng)淬火；碳含量為0.5-0.8%亞含量為0.25-0.5%中碳鋼。梯形絲桿基本參數(shù)碳含量為0.8-1.2%過分析鋼，由于粗珠光體和網(wǎng)狀滲碳體在原始組織中硬度較高，因此應(yīng)選擇球化退火的熱處理工藝進(jìn)行這類材料的預(yù)備性熱處理。

The trapezoidal screw should be quenched; Medium carbon steel with a carbon content of 0.5-0.8% and a sub content of 0.25-0.5%. The basic parameter of trapezoidal screw is that the carbon content is between 0.8% and 1.2%. Due to the high hardness of coarse pearlite and network cementite in the original structure, the heat treatment process of spheroidization annealing should be selected for the preliminary heat treatment of such materials.

關(guān)鍵是梯形絲桿材料選擇合金鋼加工，規(guī)定螺紋在運(yùn)動(dòng)中準(zhǔn)確移動(dòng)的核心部件。熱處理后，使其保持良好的機(jī)械性能。在制造過程中，粗細(xì)工藝分離，使零件的應(yīng)力合理分布。

The key is to select alloy steel for processing the trapezoidal screw material and specify the core components for accurate movement of the thread during movement. After heat treatment, maintain good mechanical properties. In the manufacturing process, the separation of coarse and fine processes ensures a reasonable distribution of stress on the parts.

毛坯的熱處理方法也有所不同。由于材料不同，毛坯熱處理是一種準(zhǔn)備性熱處理，精密級和普通兩種螺桿。規(guī)定：

The heat treatment methods for raw materials also vary. Due to different materials, blank heat treatment is a preparatory heat treatment for both precision grade and ordinary screws. Regulations:

能建設(shè)毛坯制造帶來的熱應(yīng)力

The thermal stress brought by the construction of rough manufacturing

能夠控制硬度，以適應(yīng)機(jī)械加工的可加工性。

Capable of controlling hardness to adapt to the machinability of mechanical processing.

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